RIGI Antibody / DDX58, 100 ug

RIGI antibody detects Retinoic acid-inducible gene I protein, encoded by the DDX58 gene on chromosome 9p21. RIGI antibody is widely applied in studies of innate immunity, antiviral defense, and RNA sensing pathways. RIG-I is a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) belonging to the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) family, which also includes MDA5 and LGP2. RIG-I detects viral double-stranded RNA with 5'-triphosphate ends and initiates signaling cascades that activate interferon production and antiviral gene expression. Expression is inducible by interferons and viral infection, and is present in a wide range of cell types, especially immune cells and epithelial cells.

Structurally, RIG-I contains two N-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs), a central DExD/H-box helicase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain that binds RNA. The CARD domains recruit downstream adaptors, while the helicase and regulatory domains bind viral RNA. Conformational changes upon RNA binding expose the CARDs, enabling signaling activation. Post-translational modifications such as ubiquitination regulate RIG-I activation and turnover.

Functionally, RIG-I is a critical sensor of viral RNA. Upon binding RNA ligands, it interacts with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), initiating signaling through TBK1, IKK epsilon, and IRF3/7, leading to type I interferon production. This antiviral program restricts replication of RNA viruses including influenza, vesicular stomatitis virus, and hepatitis C virus. RIG-I also influences adaptive immunity by modulating dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation. Researchers employ RIGI antibody to study innate immune sensing, interferon biology, and antiviral responses.

Clinically, RIG-I is associated with autoimmune disorders, infectious disease, and cancer. Gain-of-function mutations in DDX58 cause Singleton-Merten syndrome, an autoinflammatory disease with vascular calcification and lupus-like features. Aberrant RIG-I signaling contributes to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, while defective responses increase susceptibility to viral infections. RIG-I also acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting cell death and interferon responses, but tumors may evade RIG-I signaling. NSJ Bioreagents offers RIGI antibody to support immunology, virology, and oncology research.

Experimentally, RIGI antibody is used in western blotting to detect the ~102 kDa protein, in immunofluorescence to study cytoplasmic localization, and in immunohistochemistry to evaluate expression in infected or immune tissues. Co-immunoprecipitation with RIGI antibody identifies MAVS and signaling partners, enabling dissection of antiviral pathways.