Thyroid Peroxidase monoclonal antibody

The synthesis of thyroid hormones is an oxidative process that produces reactive oxygen species and requires Thyroperoxidase (TPO), a hemoprotein that is one of the major autoantigens involved in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroperoxidase is a 933 amino acid, type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a key role in thyroid hormone synthesis and autoimmunity. TPO catalyzes the iodination of proteins, therefore causing iodide retention within thyroid cells. The ecto-domain of Thyroperoxidase includes a large N-terminal myeloperoxidase-like domain, followed by a complement control protein domain and an epidermal growth factor-like domain. Thyroperoxidase also mediates the organification and intracellular retention of radioiodide, which may lead to rapid tumor cell death. Mutations of the Thyroperoxidase gene commonly lead to goitrous congenital hypothyroidism, the most severe and frequent abnormality in thyroid iodide organification defect (IOD), in which iodide in the thyroid gland cannot be oxidized and/or bound to the protein.