FXR polyclonal antibody

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR/NR1H4) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and is a master regulator of bile acid synthesis. FXR/NR1H4 heterodimerizes with RXR-alpha upon activation by bile acids, which begins a regulatory cascade involving SHP and LRH-1 to control lipid homeostasis. FXR/NR1H4 has also been shown to be a critical regulator of glucose homeostasis. In addition to directly regulating genes, FXR/NR1H4 also plays a post transcriptional role in bile acid metabolism by transcribing the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1, which in turn downregulates the key enzyme Cyp7a1. Mutations in human FXR/NR1H4 have been shown to cause cholestasis and liver disease in neonatal patients. FXR/NR1H4 can also control Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell proliferation and its upregulation has been shown to inhibit colorectal cancer progression. Agonists against FXR/NR1H4 are being evaluated for various liver diseases and diabetes.