GNAO1 polyclonal antibody

Heterotrimeric G proteins are membrane bound GTPases that are linked to 7-TM receptors. Each G protein contains an alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunit and is bound to GDP in the 'off' state. Ligand-receptor binding results in detachment of the G protein, switching it to an 'on' state and permitting Galpha activation of second messenger signalling cascades. There are several types of Galpha proteins; Galphas and Galphai bind directly to adenylyl cyclase and stimulate or inhibit its activity, leading to an increase or decrease in cAMP levels respectively.