RNF111 polyclonal antibody

Communication between cells during early embryogenesis establishes the basic organization of the vertebrate body plan. The early mammalian embryo is patterned by signals emanating from extraembryonic and embryonic signaling centers, most notably the anterior visceral endoderm (AVE) and the node,respectively. Nodal-related members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) β family regulate the induction of mesoderm, endoderm and mesendoderm. The different tissues form in response to the same signaling molecules, which may elicit differential responses through concentration-dependent effects,extracellular cofactors and antagonists,or factor potentiation. The nuclear protein Arkadia specifically potentiates the mesendoderm-inducing activity of a subset of TGFβ family members and interacts with Nodal, which mediates the function of Arkadia in node induction. Arkadia functions within extraembryonic tissues and is required to induce the node as an essential modulator of the nodal signalling cascade.The human gene for Arkadia maps to chromosome 15q21 and encodes a 441 amino acid protein. The murine gene for Arkadia maps to chromosome 9 39.0 cM and encodes a 989 amino acid protein.